Rug Origins

Handmade rugs carry the memory of where they were woven. A slight turn in the knot, a blush of madder at the border, a medallion first drawn in a city workshop or on a nomad’s loom - these quiet choices reveal place, practice and purpose. In the world of Persian and Oriental rugs, techniques and materials shift with landscape and history: wool or silk on cotton foundations, natural dyes, floral arabesques and bold tribal geometry, each speaking to a specific origin.

This guide brings those origins into focus. Explore the principal weaving regions of Iran (Persia), Turkey, India, China, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Morocco, Egypt and the Caucasus - then step into the towns and tribes within them. Each page is concise and practical: typical constructions (hand-knotted versus flat-woven), foundations and knot types, hallmark motifs and border systems, palette and finishing, with pointers on authenticity, period and condition. Whether you’re assessing a Kashan, Heriz or Qashqai, the aim is simple: understand what you’re looking at, and why it looks that way.

Use the links below to navigate by region and city. Follow the threads through design, dye and weave back to their origins, helping you select with confidence or identify what’s already in your collection.

Central Iran

Central Iran, home to the historic cities of Isfahan and Kashan, is renowned for its sophisticated rug weaving. The rugs from this region are celebrated for their intricate floral motifs, medallion designs, and high knot density, reflecting the refined artistic heritage of the area.

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North Iran

In North Iran, cities like Qom, Tehran, and Varamin are known for their distinctive rug weaving traditions. The rugs from this region often feature elaborate central medallions and floral motifs, woven with precision and a keen eye for detail, mirroring the architectural grandeur of the area.

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North West Iran

North West Iran, with Heriz and Tabriz at its heart, is a vibrant tapestry of rug weaving. The region's rugs are known for their robust construction and large-scale geometric patterns, reflecting the resilience and creative spirit of the local artisans.

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West Iran

West Iran, home to Hamadan, Bijar, and the nomadic Bahktiari tribe, is a hub of diverse rug weaving traditions. The rugs from this region, often featuring bold tribal patterns and a rich palette, are a testament to the enduring spirit of the local communities and their centuries-old traditions.

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South Iran

South Iran, where the warm climate meets a rich history in cities like Shiraz and the nomadic Qashqai tribe, is a significant contributor to the rug weaving tradition. The region's rugs, known for their intricate tribal designs and high-quality wool, are a reflection of the area's natural abundance and artistic heritage.

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East Iran

East Iran, with Kerman as its crown jewel, is renowned for its rug weaving. The region's rugs, often featuring intricate curvilinear designs and a rich colour palette, are a testament to the area's deep cultural roots and the refined tastes of its people.

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North East Iran

North East Iran, home to the historic city of Mashad, is a significant hub for rug weaving. The rugs from this region, known for their detailed Islimi or Arabesque motifs and high knot density, are a testament to the region's vibrant culture and deep religious roots.